FBR extends date

Jul 16, 2011	FBR extends date for payment of Taxes/Duty and Filling of Sales Tax/FED returns for the period June 2011 for persons registered in RTO, Hyderabad
	FBR has extended date for payment of taxes/duty and filling of Sales Tax/FED returns up to 22nd July for the period June 2011, for persons registered in RTO, Hyderabad. The decision has been taken to facilitate the tax payers who could not pay taxes or file Sales Tax/FED returns due to law and order situation.
	Riffat Shaheen Qazi

Measurement

Coalbed Methane Outreach Program (CMOP)

Recent Additions | Contact Us Search: All EPA This Area  

• You are here: EPA Home
 
• Climate Change
 
• Methane
 
• CMOP
 
• Documents, Tools & Resources
 
• Interactive Units Converter

---

Interactive Units Converter

Documents, Tools & Resources

• Active Underground Mines
• Abandoned Underground Mines
• Active Surface Mines
• Drainage and Degasification
• End Use Technologies
• Flaring
• Ventilation Air Methane
• U.S. Policy and Finance
• International
• Archived Documents

• Measure with Cubic Meters
• Measure with Cubic Feet
• Measure with Pounds
• Measure with Kilograms
• Measure with Metric Tons
• Measure with Short Tons
• Measure with BTU's
• Measure with MegaJoules

To use this form, simply find the appropriate equation, and type the number in the left column. Then hit the TAB button to have the answer generate in the right form field.

 Cubic meters (m3)=  Cubic feet (ft3)
 Kilograms (kg)=  Pounds (lb)
 Metric tons (tonnes)=  Short tons
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Pounds (lb)
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Pounds (lb)
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Kilograms (kg)
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Kilograms (kg)
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Btu's (HHV)
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Btu's
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Btu's
 Btu's=  Joules (J)
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CO2 equivalent
 Metric tons (tonnes) CO2=  Metric tons (tonnes) C equivalent

Top of page

Measure with Cubic Meters

 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Cubic feet (ft3) CH4
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Pounds (lb) CH4
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Kilograms (kg) CH4
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CH4
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Btu's (HHV)
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4= MegaJoules (MJ)
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Kilowatt-hrs (kWhr)
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CO2 equivalent
 Cubic meters (m3) CH4=  Tonnes C equivalent
 Billion cubic meters (bcm) CH4=  Household heated/year
 Billion cubic meters (bcm) CH4=  Acres of trees planted
 Billion cubic meters (bcm) CH4=  Cars/year that emit equivalent CO2

Top of page

Measure with Cubic Feet

 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Cubic meters (m3) CH4
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Pounds (lb) CH4
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Kilograms (kg) CH4
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CH4
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Btu's (HHV)
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  MegaJoules (MJ)
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Kilowatt-hrs. (kWhr)
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CO2 equivalent
 Cubic feet (ft3) CH4=  Tonnes C equivalent
 Billion cubic feet (bcf) CH4=  Households heated/year
 Billion cubic feet (bcf) CH4=  Acres of trees planted
 Billion cubic feet (bcf) CH4=  Cars/year that emit equivalent CO2

Top of page

Measure with Pounds

 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Cubic meters (m3) CH4
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Kilograms (kg) CH4
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CH4
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Btu's
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  MegaJoules (MJ)
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Kilowatt-hrs. (kWhr)
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CO2 equivalent
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Tonnes C equivalent
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Household heated/year
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Acres of trees planted
 Pounds (lb) CH4=  Cars/year that emit equivalent CO2

Top of page

Measure with Kilograms

 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Cubic meters (m3) CH4
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Pounds (lb) CH4
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CH4
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Btu
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  MegaJoules (MJ)
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Kilowatt-hours (kWhr)
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CO2 equivalent
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Tonnes C equivalent
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Household heated/year
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Acres of trees planted
 Kilograms (kg) CH4=  Cars/year that emit equivalent CO2

Top of page

Measure with Metric Tons

 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Cubic meters (m3) CH4
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Cubic feet (ft3) CH4
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Pounds (lb) CH4
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Short tons (ton) CH4
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Btu's
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  MegaJoules (MJ)
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Kilowatt-hours (kWhr)
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CO2 equivalent
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Tonnes C equivalent
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Household heated/year
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Acres of trees planted
 Metric tons (tonnes) CH4=  Cars/year that emit equivalent CO2

Top of page

Measure with Short Tons

 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Cubic meters (m3) CH4
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Kilograms (kg) CH4
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Metric tonnes (tons) CH4
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Btu's
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  MegaJoules (MJ)
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Kilowatt-hours (kWhr)
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Metric tons (tonnes) CO2 equivalent
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Tonnes C equivalent
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Household heated/year
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Acres of trees planted
 Short tons (tons) CH4=  Cars/year that emit equivalent CO2

Top of page

Measure with BTU's

 Btu's=  Cubic meters (m3) CH4
 Btu's=  Cubic feet (ft3) CH4
 Btu's=  Pounds (lb) CH4
 Btu's=  Kilograms (kg)
 Btu's=  Joules (J)
 Btu's=  Kilowatt-hours (kWhr)
 Btu's=  Kilograms (kg) CO2 equivalent
 Btu's=  Kilograms (kg) C equivalent
 Million Btu's (mmBtu)=  Household heated/year
 Million Btu's (mmBtu)=  Acres of trees planted
 Million Btu's (mmBtu)=  Cars/year that emit equivalent CO2

Top of page

Measure with MegaJoules

 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Cubic meters (m3) CH4
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Cubic feet (ft3) CH4
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Pounds (lb) CH4
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Metric tons (tonnes) CH4
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Btu's
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Kilowatt-hours (kWhr)
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Metric tons (tonnes) CO2 equivalent
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Tonnes C equivalent
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Household heated/year
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Acres of trees planted
 MegaJoules (MJ)=  Cars/year that emit equivalent CO2

Top of page

Sui Gas Calculation

Home | About the Book | Training Courses | About the Author | Contact Us | Gas Links | Glossary

What is Natural Gas? Gas Formation Gas Exploration Gas Processing Gas Production Gas Pipelines Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) Gas Usage Gas Contracts Coal Bed Methane International Gas Trade Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Chain Natural Gas Units Online Calculator Natural Gas Units Tables

Natural Gas Units & Conversion Tables Contrary to popular opinion, gas is not generally sold per unit of volume, but rather per unit of energy that can be produced by burning the gas. End-use consumers of gas are interested in the heat energy that combusting the gas will generate. Since the heat energy of the gas is related to the relative proportion of “lighter” methane versus “heavier” ethane, propane, butane, pentane, and other components, heat energy is not a constant value between different gas sources. The heat energy of a particular gas stream is measured by units of calorific value, which is defined by the number of heat units released when a unit volume of the gas burns. Typical units of calorific value are British thermal units (Btu), joules (J), and kilocalories (kcal). Most industrial and residential customers receive gas via a pipeline connection and a gas meter that measures the volume of gas delivered. This volume measurement is subsequently converted, using the average calorific value per volume factor, into number of energy units consumed by the end user and multiplied by the price per unit of energy to determine the billed amount. Worldwide, the cost of gas to the customer is commonly specified in dollars per British thermal unit. A British thermal unit is the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1°F. For larger industrial customers, the abbreviations MBtu (thousand or 10x3 Btu) or MMBtu (million or 10x6 Btu) are more commonly used. In the United Kingdom, gas is charged to residential customers at a price per therm, which is equivalent to 100,000 Btu. Gas volumes are usually measured in multiples of cubic feet (ft3) or cubic meters (m3). Gas reserves are expressed in billion cubic feet (bcf) (109), or trillion cubic feet (tcf) (10x12), or, in the case of countries using the metric system, billion cubic meters (bcm). Gas volume produced or consumed is often expressed in million cubic feet (MMcf), (10x6), and Mcf (thousand cubic feet). Gas volume can also be expressed in million cubic feet per day (MMcfd), sometimes written as MMscfd to denote standard conditions, and its metric counterpart, billion cubic meters per day (bcmd). (M is commonly used to designate 1,000, which is based on the Roman numeral system. Thus MM denotes 1,000 x 1,000, or 1 million (10x6). In the metric system, k also refers to 1,000. The energy industry uses both M and k. Some companies use the lower case m to denote 1,000; thus mmcfd would be equal to MMcfd. As stated earlier, conversion from volume to energy requires knowledge of the average calorific value of the particular gas. Natural gas from different fields, and sometimes different reservoirs in the same field, can have different proportions of hydrocarbon components and thus varying calorific values. A factor of 1,000 Btu/ft3 is commonly used. 1 ft3 approximately equal to 1,000 Btu : 1 MMcf = 1,000 MMBtu Crude oil has a calorific value of 5.4 MMBtu to 5.8 MMBtu per barrel (bbl) of oil, depending on the composition of the oil. It is often necessary and useful to convert gas volume into energy equivalent barrels of oil using barrel of oil equivalent (boe) units. This is commonly done when both oil and gas are found and produced in the same reservoir, making it easier to estimate the total reserves or production volumes. Using equivalent calorific values: 1 bbl oil = 5.8 MMBtu = 5,800 MBtu 1 ft3 gas = 1,000 Btu = 1 MBtuThus: 1 bbl oil ≈ 5,800 ft3 gas = 5.8 Mcf gas 1 boe ≈ 5.8 Mcf gasThe tables below give some common unit conversions, based on the assumed calorific values stated above. Click Here to use the online gas converter     Copyright © Vivek Chandra

Sodhi

20 Unchangeable Rules in Any Office

1. Rule 1. - The Boss is always right.

2. Rule 2. - If the Boss is wrong, see rule 1.

3. Those who work get more work. Others get pay, perks, and promotions.

4. Ph.D. stands for "Pull Him Down". The more intelligent a person, the more hardworking a person, the more committed a person; the more number of persons are engaged in pulling that person down.

5. If you are good, you will get all the work. If you are really good, you will get out of it.

6.. When the Bosses talk about improving productivity, they are never talking about themselves.

7. It doesn't matter what you do, it only matters what you say you've done and what you are going to do.

8. A pat on the back is only a few centimeters from a kick in the butt.

9. Don't be irreplaceable. If you can't be replaced, you can't be promoted.

10. The more crap you put up with, the more crap you are going to get.

11. If at first you don't succeed, try again. Then quit. No use being a damn fool about it...

12. When you don't know what to do, walk fast and look worried.

13.. Following the rules will not get the job done.

14. If it weren't for the last minute, nothing would get done.

15. Everything can be filed under "Miscellaneous" .

16. No matter how much you do, you never do enough.

17. You can do any amount of work provided it isn't the work you are supposed to be doing.

18. In order to get a promotion, you need not necessarily know your job.

19. In order to get a promotion, you only need to pretend that you know your job.

20. The last person that quit or was fired will be held responsible for everything that goes wrong.

Fish

Fger than life" (but hopefully still real) catches

We all know that the size of our largest catch is only limited to how wide we can stretch our arms, and how gullible your friends are. A picture would usually prove your story, if you don't mind occasional "this is Photoshop... I can tell by the pixels" comments:

http://fashbasha.com/accessories/211-latest-pakistani-jewellery-designs-2011.html

Revised Pay Scales

People found this Page by searching:
notification of salary increase 2011, new pay scales pakistan, finance division notifications, new pay scales 2011, pay scales of govt employees in pakistan, notification of salary 2011, revised pay scale 2011 approved,notification of salary increase 2011-12, pay notification 2011 pakistan, revised pay scale of employee in pakistan2011 2012, new revised pay scale 2011, special pay scale 2011 pakistan, approved budget 2011-12 revised pay scale, notification of pay increase 2011, new pay scales fin: div: islamabad notification 2011-12

PEACOCK PAINTING

Views 1785

BEAUTY CONTEST

MISS ARAB  WORLD

HEALTHY

Top 5 Most Addictive Foods

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

(4 votes)

Last Updated ( Friday, 01 July 2011 )

Views 1396     While we all know about the dangers of alcohol, drugs and cigarettes,did you know that you could become addicted to your favourite food?From withdrawal symptoms to changes in brain chemistry, our snacks have surprising ways of keeping us wanting more.Here is our guide to five of the world’s most addictive foods. Chocolate Many people claim to be chocoholics, but can you really be addicted to chocolate? The answer is... perhaps. One reason many people feel "addicted" to chocolate is that the food's chemical compounds (including theobromine, phenyethylamine, anandamide and tryptophan) actually have pleasure-inducing effects that can mimic the effects of drugs on the brain. Chocolate also contains alkaloids (tetrahydro-beta-carbolines) which are present in alcohol and have been linked to alcoholism. However - before you go booking yourself into Chocoholics Anonymous - it is important to note that many researchers have pointed out that the chemicals in chocolate also exist in other foods which most of us do not crave. It has also been suggested that the chemicals in chocolate are not in high enough doses to lead to addiction. Regardless, it is impossible to deny that chocolate is one of the world's most-craved foods - whether this is due to psychological reasons or a physical addiction. Cheese From pizzas to cheeseburgers, cheese is a staple of many widely-craved junk foods, but there could be more to our cravings than we think. Various studies have discovered the presence of opiates - including the highly addictive morphine - in the popular dairy product. While the amounts of morphine in cheese are very small and probably not enough to cause addiction, some researchers have expressed concern about its levels of casein (the main protein in cheese) which produces morphine-like opiate compounds called casomorphins during digestion. On top of this, cheese also contains phenylethylamine, a substance with stimulant effects which is thought to give consumers a natural "high", and which is reputed to have addictive qualities. Sugar We all know that sugar is bad for our health but, according to numerous studies, it can also be addictive. Studies have suggested that when we eat sugar, chemicals called opioids are released by the brain, which leads to an intense feeling of pleasure. It is this feeling that people may crave in the absence of sugar. A study by psychologists at Princeton University investigated sugar addiction by studying its effect on rats. They discovered that after rats were fed a diet high in sugar, they experienced symptoms similar to those produced by drug withdrawal when the sugar was withdrawn, including shaking and changes in brain chemistry. The study therefore concluded what other researchers have also suggested; that it is possible to become severely dependent on sugar Burgers and other Numerous researchers and studies have suggested that fatty, processed junk food such as burgers may actually be addictive. According to Professor David Kessler - an ex-commissioner of the US Food and Drug Administration and author of The End of Overeating - the combination of fat, salt and sugar in junk food triggers our "bliss point" and leaves us wanting more. Scientists at the Scripps Research Institute in Florida backed up this theory with a study which found that the addictive responses in the brains of rats when fed junk food including fatty meats were the same as in those that consume cocaine or heroin. On top of this, meat - like chocolate, cheese and sugar - releases opiate-like substances during digestion which some studies have suggested can leave us craving more. Coffee Many feel that they can't start the day without a cup of coffee and people often joke about having a caffeine "addiction", however this may not be far from the truth. Although there has been much debate over the years about whether or not caffeine is genuinely addictive, it is difficult to deny that many of us crave it to the point where we feel we can't function without it. One reason that people may crave caffeine so much is due to the fairly severe symptoms of caffeine withdrawal that people often face, ranging from fatigue and headaches to irritability and depression. However, it may be that, rather than being physically dependent on caffeine, you are actually addicted to the belief that you can't function without your morning cup of coffee. Whatever the reason, caffeine remains the world's most popular drug and a staple of many daily routines.